Jasper and sard are opaque kinds of chalcedony, a microcrystalline type of quartz. Jasper reveals a variety of colours and patterns as a consequence of diverse mineral inclusions, producing hues from earthy browns and reds to vibrant greens and blues. Sard, in distinction, sometimes shows reddish-brown hues, starting from a pale, fleshy tone to a deep, brownish-red, usually likened to carnelian however typically darker.
These gems maintain historic and cultural significance. Their sturdiness and vibrant colours made them well-liked selections for ornamentation and ornamental arts in historical civilizations. Proof of their use may be present in jewellery, seals, and inlays relationship again millennia. Variations in shade and sample usually influenced symbolic interpretations, associating particular colours with specific properties or deities.